Foundation for the History of Totalitarianism

One-day course: the Nazi-Soviet Pact

Professional development course for history teachers
at the Imperial War Museum

Date: Tuesday 16 June 2026

    The Foundation for the History of Totalitarianism invites teachers of History and Politics to participate in this special one-day course on the Nazi–Soviet Pact – one of the key events of the twentieth century. Some historians see the pact as “the starting gun” to the Second World War.

    The course will take place in the Imperial War Museum in the grand Orpen Boardroom. Participants will have free access to the Imperial War Museum at the conclusion of the course.

    We have been able to bring together a remarkable group of historians who bring different perspectives expertise to bear.

  • Robert Service, former Professor of Russian History at Oxford and author of the Penguin History of Modern Russia. He will provide insights into Stalin’s viewpoint.
  • Roger Moorhouse, the historian who wrote the definitive book on the pact, The Devils’ Alliance.
  • Frank McDonough, author of the best-selling The Hitler Years. He also wrote Hitler, Chamberlain and Appeasement.
  • Dr Ela Kaczmarska who will present the Polish viewpoint on the pact.

    In all the sessions, participants will be welcome to ask questions and discuss the issues which arise.

    Lunch will be provided with a Polish theme to reflect the fact that Poland was the first country to feel the impact of the secret protocol by which Germany and the Soviet Union divided up large parts of Eastern Europe between them.

    The conference is likely to appeal to GCSE and A Level history teachers. It could also be valuable to Politics and PSHE/Citizenship teachers.

    The cost of the day will be £195, but to ensure that cost is not a barrier we have obtained funding for some complimentary places on request.

   The full details of the sessions are below. Please feel free to ask any questions about the course by emailing contact@historyoftotalitarianism.com.

Teachers' praise for last year’s one-day course

“Excellent speakers with huge expertise.”
“Very in-depth knowledge given on the topic.”
“Thoroughly enjoyable conference.”

The Programme

9.30–10.00AM
Registration and coffee
10.00AM
Welcome and Introduction

Speaker: Roger Moorhouse, the historian who wrote the definitive book on the pact, The Devils' Alliance.

  • Overview of the day
  • Overview of the Pact
  • Why the pact remains controversial
  • Its role in the origins of the Second World War
10.15–11.15AM
Session 1: Germany and the Strategic Logic of the Pact

Speaker: Prof. Frank McDonough, author of the best-selling The Hitler Years and Hitler, Chamberlain and Appeasement.

  • Adolf Hitler’s foreign policy aims in 1939
  • German fears of a two-front war
  • Diplomatic manoeuvring before August 1939
  • German expectations of the agreement

Followed by a Q&A

11.15–11.45AM
Coffee break
11.45AM–12.45PM
Session 2: The Soviet Perspective

Speaker: Prof. Robert Service, former Professor of Russian History at Oxford and author of The Penguin History of Modern Russia.

  • Soviet security concerns in the 1930s
  • The diplomacy of Joseph Stalin and Vyacheslav Molotov
  • The role of ideology
  • The secret protocol dividing Eastern Europe
  • Soviet interpretations then and now

Followed by a Q&A

12.45–1.45PM
Lunch
  • A Polish-themed lunch will be served.
1.45–2.45PM
Session 3: The Polish Experience

Speaker: Dr Ela Kaczmarska, who will present the Polish viewpoint on the pact.

  • Poland’s strategic position between Germany and the USSR
  • The impact of the pact on Polish sovereignty
  • The invasion of Poland in September 1939
  • Consequences for Polish society

Followed by a Q&A

2.45–3.15PM
Coffee break
3.15–4.00PM
Session 4: The Nazi-Soviet Pact: An Overview

Speaker: Roger Moorhouse, the historian who wrote the definitive book on the pact, The Devils' Alliance.

Followed by a Q&A

4.00–4.30PM
Session 5: Panel Discussion

Participants: All speakers

Suggested areas of discussion:

  • Could the pact have been avoided?
  • Post-war perceptions and misconceptions
  • Myths and political uses of history
4.30–4.45PM
Closing Remarks

Moderator summary:

  • Key takeaways
  • Further reading
  • Networking opportunities
4.45–5.00PM
Networking and close

The Programme

9.30–10.00AM
Registration and coffee
10.00AM
Welcome and Introduction

Speaker: Roger Moorhouse, the historian who wrote the definitive book on the pact, The Devils' Alliance.

  • Overview of the day
  • Overview of the Pact
  • Why the pact remains controversial
  • Its role in the origins of the Second World War
10.15–11.15AM
Session 1: Germany and the Strategic Logic of the Pact

Speaker: Prof. Frank McDonough, author of the best-selling The Hitler Years and Hitler, Chamberlain and Appeasement.

  • Adolf Hitler’s foreign policy aims in 1939
  • German fears of a two-front war
  • Diplomatic manoeuvring before August 1939
  • German expectations of the agreement

Followed by a Q&A

11.15–11.45AM
Coffee break
11.45AM–12.45PM
Session 2: The Soviet Perspective

Speaker: Prof. Robert Service, former Professor of Russian History at Oxford and author of The Penguin History of Modern Russia. He will provide insights into Stalin’s viewpoint.

  • Soviet security concerns in the 1930s
  • The diplomacy of Joseph Stalin and Vyacheslav Molotov
  • The role of ideology
  • The secret protocol dividing Eastern Europe
  • Soviet interpretations then and now

Followed by a Q&A

12.45–1.45PM
Lunch

A Polish-themed lunch will be served.

1.45–2.45PM
Session 3: The Polish Experience

Speaker: Dr Ela Kaczmarska, who will present the Polish viewpoint on the pact.

  • Poland’s strategic position between Germany and the USSR
  • The impact of the pact on Polish sovereignty
  • The invasion of Poland in September 1939
  • Consequences for Polish society

Followed by a Q&A

2.45–3.15PM
Coffee break
3.15–4.00PM
Session 4: The Nazi-Soviet Pact: An Overview

Speaker: Roger Moorhouse, the historian who wrote the definitive book on the pact, The Devils' Alliance.

Followed by a Q&A

4.00–4.30PM
Session 5: Panel Discussion

Participants: All speakers

Suggested areas of discussion:

  • Could the pact have been avoided?
  • Post-war perceptions and misconceptions
  • Myths and political uses of history
4.30–4.45PM
Closing Remarks
  • Key takeaways
  • Further reading
  • Networking opportunities
4.45–5.00PM
Networking and close
Orpen Boardroom

Contemporary cartoon in the Evening Standard by David Low when Hitler and Stalin both invaded Poland.